Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems

• Hsuan-Ang Tsai,
• Tsai-Miao Shih,
• Theodore Tsai,
• Jhe-Wei Hu,
• Yi-An Lai,
• Jui-Fu Hsiao and
• Guochuan Emil Tsai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42

• parameters (CPPs); and (3) the initial risk assessment (RA) and RAs after development [38]. In this study, the experimental data were all from laboratory research. After analysis of these preliminary data, only few parameters of QTPP and CQAs can be roughly generated, as listed in Table 3 and Table 4

Exploring the relationships between physiochemical properties of nanoparticles and cell damage to combat cancer growth using simple periodic table-based descriptors

• Joyita Roy and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 297–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.27

• the safety concerns regarding new NPs in this rapidly growing field. Therefore, computational-based approaches are effective methods in risk assessment. Among them, quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) models seem to be the most promising method [13]. However, the physicochemical and

• species. The most important criterion to improve nanoscale toxicity models is the selection of the appropriate structural descriptors of NPs. Periodic table-based descriptors have been a promising tool in predicting toxicity profiles and risk assessment of MeOx NPs with high predictivity and

Prediction of cytotoxicity of heavy metals adsorbed on nano-TiO₂ with periodic table descriptors using machine learning approaches

• Joyita Roy,
• Souvik Pore and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 939–950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.77

• cause co-exposure effects on living organisms. The extensive use of heavy metals in areas such as medicine and agriculture increased the negative impact of heavy metals on environment and living organisms, raising the need for risk assessment. Unlike other pollutants, heavy metals do not decompose

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• rigorous investigation of fundamental properties of TiO2 is essential regarding risk assessment and subsequent performance optimization in vivo. Additionally, since significant investment is required for pre-clinical and clinical studies, the majority of current research products fails in clinical

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

• Nabojit Das,
• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

• variations and flexibility of tuning the size and shape of the metal nanoparticles at the nanoscale made them promising candidates for biomedical applications such as therapeutics, diagnostics, and drug delivery. However, safety and risk assessment of the nanomaterials for clinical purposes are yet to be

• coating methods. There are contrasting results of toxicity based on various parameters conducted either in vitro or in vivo [48][49][50][51][52][53]. Gold is one of the most promising inert metals for synthesizing nanoparticles and is ideal for biomedical research. The safety and risk assessment of these

Fate and transformation of silver nanoparticles in different biological conditions

• Barbara Pem,
• Marija Ćurlin,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Rinea Barbir,
• Vedran Micek,
• Raluca M. Fratila,
• Jesus M. de la Fuente and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 665–679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.53

• during a risk assessment of AgNP-based consumer products. Results and Discussion The fate of metallic NPs in the human body is a critical question for assessing their safety and efficacy when used in different medical or consumer products. Due to technical limitations and, more importantly, ethical

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• assessment strategies has arisen in recent times as there is increased fabrication and subsequent release of engineered NMs as well as their usage in consumer products and industrial applications. These risk assessment strategies are highly helpful in forecasting the behavior and fate of engineered NMs in

• industrial applications, issues relating to toxicity are inevitable. The aim of this review is to compare synthetic (engineered) and naturally occurring nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructured materials (NSMs) to identify their nanoscale properties and to define the specific knowledge gaps related to the risk

• assessment of NPs and NSMs in the environment. The review presents an overview of the history and classifications of NMs and gives an overview of the various sources of NPs and NSMs, from natural to synthetic, and their toxic effects towards mammalian cells and tissue. Additionally, the types of toxic

Involvement of two uptake mechanisms of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles in a co-exposure scenario using mouse macrophages

• Dimitri Vanhecke,
• Dagmar A. Kuhn,
• Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi,
• Sandor Balog,
• Ana Milosevic,
• Dominic Urban,
• Diana Peckys,
• Niels de Jonge,
• Wolfgang J. Parak,
• Alke Petri-Fink and
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.239

• the delivery of pharmaceutical agents, this can be beneficial. However, co-exposure should also be taken into account in the case of risk assessment of occupational settings. The demonstration of co-exposure-invoked pathway interactions reveals that synergetic nanoparticle effects, either positive or

• : Co-exposure acts as an uptake accelerant and may be beneficial in biomedical settings if the goal is to maximize the cellular uptake, e.g., for the delivery of a pharmaceutical agents. However, co-exposure may cause negative effects in the case of risk assessment of occupational settings. In any rate

Evaluating the toxicity of TiO₂-based nanoparticles to Chinese hamster ovary cells and Escherichia coli: a complementary experimental and computational approach

• Alicja Mikolajczyk,
• Natalia Sizochenko,
• Ewa Mulkiewicz,
• Anna Malankowska,
• Michal Nischk,
• Przemyslaw Jurczak,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Grzegorz Nowaczyk,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska,
• Jerzy Leszczynski,
• Agnieszka Gajewicz and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2171–2180, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.216

• workers, consumers and the environment. The conventional (i.e., experimental) risk assessment approaches using laboratory animals are often expensive, time-consuming and problematic from an ethical point of view. Thus novel, fast and cheaper procedures for risk assessment are necessary, without the

• Chemicals) regulations, which pronounce that information about risk assessment of chemicals should be generated whenever possible by means other than vertebrate animal tests, through the use of alternative methods, for example quantitative structure–activity relationship models (QSAR) [25][26]. This

Evaluation of preparation methods for suspended nano-objects on substrates for dimensional measurements by atomic force microscopy

• Petra Fiala,
• Daniel Göhler,
• Benno Wessely,
• Michael Stintz,
• Giovanni Mattia Lazzerini and
• Andrew Yacoot

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1774–1785, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.179

• were used in this study for the characterization of the preparation methods. The chosen nano-objects belong to the material group that was identified as important for risk assessment or as reference nanomaterials [9]. The preparations were performed by means of hydrophilic track etching membranes made

Needs and challenges for assessing the environmental impacts of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs)

• Michelle Romero-Franco,
• Hilary A. Godwin,
• Muhammad Bilal and
• Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 989–1014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.101

• /bjnano.8.101 Abstract The potential environmental impact of nanomaterials is a critical concern and the ability to assess these potential impacts is top priority for the progress of sustainable nanotechnology. Risk assessment tools are needed to enable decision makers to rapidly assess the potential

• risks that may be imposed by engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), particularly when confronted by the reality of limited hazard or exposure data. In this review, we examine a range of available risk assessment frameworks considering the contexts in which different stakeholders may need to assess the

• present frameworks and tools to meet those needs. Keywords: engineered nanomaterials; environmental impacts; risk assessment; Introduction Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are increasingly being used in numerous industrial products and processes owing to their unique physicochemical properties. There are

α-((4-Cyanobenzoyl)oxy)-ω-methyl poly(ethylene glycol): a new stabilizer for silver nanoparticles

• Jana Lutze,
• Miguel A. Bañares,
• Marcos Pita,
• Andrea Haase,
• Andreas Luch and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 627–635, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.67

• Jana Lutze Miguel A. Banares Marcos Pita Andrea Haase Andreas Luch Andreas Taubert German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, D-10589 Berlin, Germany Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, ICP-CSIC, C/ Marie Curie 2, E

• Risk Assessment, and COST Action MODENA TD1204 is gratefully acknowledged.

On the pathway of cellular uptake: new insight into the interaction between the cell membrane and very small nanoparticles

• Claudia Messerschmidt,
• Daniel Hofmann,
• Anja Kroeger,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Volker Mailänder and
• Ingo Lieberwirth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1296–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.121

• have been reported in humans, general risk assessment and thereby the investigation of possible interactions of SiNPs with human cells and tissues is of crucial importance. A deeper understanding of SiNP uptake modes into cells may lead us one step further in grasping nanoparticle cytotoxicity and in

Nanoinformatics for environmental health and biomedicine

• Rong Liu and
• Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2449–2451, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.253

• nanomaterials, which provides critical information for the environmental impact assessment of nanomaterials [18]. Another contribution addresses the issue of nanomaterial risk assessment and proposes a decision analysis scheme for furthering nanoinformatics work [19]. This work considers an array of decision

Application of biclustering of gene expression data and gene set enrichment analysis methods to identify potentially disease causing nanomaterials

• Andrew Williams and
• Sabina Halappanavar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2438–2448, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.252

• advantage of using a data-driven approach to identify novel, functionally related gene sets. The results can be used in future gene set enrichment analysis studies involving NMs or as features for clustering and classifying NMs of diverse properties. Keywords: gene expression; risk assessment

Nanocuration workflows: Establishing best practices for identifying, inputting, and sharing data to inform decisions on nanomaterials

• Christina M. Powers,
• Karmann A. Mills,
• Stephanie A. Morris,
• Fred Klaessig,
• Sharon Gaheen,
• Nastassja Lewinski and
• Christine Ogilvie Hendren

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1860–1871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.189

• (e.g., chemistry, toxicology, ecology, risk assessment, material science). The complexity of developing tools for accessing, sharing, and viewing data relevant to nanomaterials has generated an entire field known as nanoinformatics. This paper is one in a series and focuses on a particular aspect of

• quality or completeness are required for different uses of data (e.g., research prioritization, screening level decisions about hazard, quantitative risk assessment) [3][4]. ii. Influence of organizational purpose or goals on design and application of a workflow A discussion of a curation workflow

NanoE-Tox: New and in-depth database concerning ecotoxicity of nanomaterials

• Katre Juganson,
• Angela Ivask,
• Irina Blinova,
• Monika Mortimer and
• Anne Kahru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1788–1804, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.183

• use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) inevitably results in their higher concentrations in the environment. This may lead to undesirable environmental effects and thus warrants risk assessment. The ecotoxicity testing of a wide variety of ENMs rapidly evolving in the market is costly but also

• of ENMs leads inevitably to their higher concentrations in the environment. Thus, the risks caused by ENMs both to humans and the environment need to be assessed [6]. Risk assessment of all the ENMs in the market would require the sacrifice of enormous amounts of test organisms of diverse range [7

• humans and environment [19]. However, the risk estimations are derived from the available literature on the effects of nanomaterials but not on the actual risk assessment of the specific ENM-containing products. Therefore, the risk levels reported in the database do not account for concentrations or the

The Nanomaterial Data Curation Initiative: A collaborative approach to assessing, evaluating, and advancing the state of the field

• Christine Ogilvie Hendren,
• Christina M. Powers,
• Mark D. Hoover and
• Stacey L. Harper

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1752–1762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.179

• , accelerating scientific discovery, and enabling faster risk assessment and commercialization of new technologies. These parameters are especially critical for emerging technologies, such as nanotechnology. The issues addressed in this initiative are certainly not unique to nanomaterials; in fact, they are

How decision analysis can further nanoinformatics

• Matthew E. Bates,
• Sabrina Larkin,
• Jeffrey M. Keisler and
• Igor Linkov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1594–1600, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.162

• Bayesian models could be a natural extension of mechanistic and statistical models for nanoinformatics practitioners to master in solving complex nanotechnology challenges. Keywords: decision analysis; nanoinformatics; policy; portfolio analysis; risk assessment; value of information; weight of evidence

Experiences in supporting the structured collection of cancer nanotechnology data using caNanoLab

• Stephanie A. Morris,
• Sharon Gaheen,
• Michal Lijowski,
• Mervi Heiskanen and
• Juli Klemm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1580–1593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.161

• address the needs of different communities. The task of creating relevant databases for nanotechnology risk assessment, manufacturing, characterizations, and literature data is being taken on globally by government, academic, and regulatory organizations. To date, there are approximately 38 databases at

Using natural language processing techniques to inform research on nanotechnology

• Nastassja A. Lewinski and
• Bridget T. McInnes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1439–1449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.149

• and their associated physico-chemical properties, performance, exposure scenarios, and biological effects. In this paper, we review the different informatics methods that have been applied to patent mining, nanomaterial/device characterization, nanomedicine, and environmental risk assessment. Nine

• , and environmental risk assessment. Methods This review was limited to the English language literature included in two databases, PubMED and Web of Science [22][23]. The searches were conducted on February 12, 2015. For the search term (nano* AND “natural language processing”), Web of Science retrieved

• categorization of products containing nanomaterials or generated using nanotechnology-based processes from those not involving nanotechnology. Environmental risk assessment Environmental release and exposure to ENMs is already occurring, and it is the obligation of nanotechnology researchers to also consider the

Overview about the localization of nanoparticles in tissue and cellular context by different imaging techniques

• Anja Ostrowski,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Alexander Boreham,
• Cornelia Holzhausen,
• Lars Mundhenk,
• Christina Graf,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Annika Vogt,
• Sabrina Hadam,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Ulrike Alexiev and
• Achim D. Gruber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 263–280, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.25

• multidisciplinary team involved in the development, characterization, and risk assessment of novel NP [20]. For this purpose, professional training and standardized certification of toxicological pathologists are firmly established, for example, by the European or American Colleges of Veterinary Pathologists [21

• structured illumination, Raman microspectroscopy and X-ray microscopy. Review Light microscopy Light microscopic examination has become the gold standard of pathologic evaluation and risk assessment of drugs and nanoparticles during the past 50 years. This technology uses sections of 3 to 8 µm thickness from

• used for the concomitant localization of NP in cells [183]. Conclusion A toxicopathological evaluation of tissues is indispensable for any risk assessment and hazard identification of NP [20]. Each of the microscopic techniques reviewed here has its advantages and limitations, as summarized in Table 1

Functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles as a platform for studying bio–nano interactions

• Cornelia Loos,
• Tatiana Syrovets,
• Anna Musyanovych,
• Volker Mailänder,
• Katharina Landfester,
• G. Ulrich Nienhaus and
• Thomas Simmet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2403–2412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.250

• Harvard Center for Risk Assessment concluded that there is no reason for concern from exposure to polystyrene materials used in food-contact applications [16]. Due to its inertness and biocompatibility, polystyrene together with polycarbonate is widely used for the production of biomedical devices and

PVP-coated, negatively charged silver nanoparticles: A multi-center study of their physicochemical characteristics, cell culture and in vivo experiments

• Sebastian Ahlberg,
• Alexandra Antonopulos,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Ralf Dringen,
• Matthias Epple,
• Rebekka Flöck,
• Wolfgang Goedecke,
• Christina Graf,
• Nadine Haberl,
• Jens Helmlinger,
• Fabian Herzog,
• Frederike Heuer,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Christian Johannes,
• Stefanie Kittler,
• Manfred Köller,
• Katrin Korn,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling,
• Fritz Krombach,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Eva M. Luther,
• Marcelina Malissek,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Anne Pailliart,
• Jörg Raabe,
• Fiorenza Rancan,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Carsten Schleh,
• Andreas Seibel,
• Christina Sengstock,
• Lennart Treuel,
• Annika Vogt,
• Katrin Weber and
• Reinhard Zellner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1944–1965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.205

Precise quantification of silica and ceria nanoparticle uptake revealed by 3D fluorescence microscopy

• Adriano A. Torrano and
• Christoph Bräuchle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1616–1624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.173

• medical treatment, and also for a correct risk assessment of nanoparticles. In both cases, knowledge regarding the kinetics of particle internalization gives the dose as a function of the time and allows for the investigation of a variety of parameters on that might influence the uptake behavior. Typical

• nanoparticles, possibly influenced by cell division. Particle_in_ell-3D can be applied to investigate the dose-dependent effects for the risk assessment of nanoparticles. Additionally, this method can be used to study which factors are determinant for the successful attachment, internalization and cargo release